Statement of problem
Although a shade tab in a shade guide is matched to a natural tooth in the order of
value, hue, and chroma, there are limited data on the color distribution of currently
available shade guides sorted by these 3 parameters. Furthermore, spectrophotometric
color measurements of shade tabs differ depending on the standard illuminant employed.
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine the color distributions of 2 shade guides
in value (CIE L∗), chroma (C∗ab) and hue angle (ho) scale relative to the standard illuminants D65, A, and F2.
Material and methods
Color of shade tabs (n=36) from 2 shade guides (Vita Lumin and Chromascop) were measured,
and the distributions for CIE L∗, C∗ab and ho values were compared. Color differences of shade tabs depending on the illuminant
were calculated. The distributions of the ratios of CIE L∗ and C∗ab values of each shade tab compared with the lowest value tab or the lowest chroma
tab were determined. The data for the value, chroma, and hue angle within each shade
guide were analyzed with a 2-way ANOVA with the factors of shade designation and type
of illuminant (α=.05). Color difference caused by change of illuminant was analyzed
with a 2-way ANOVA with the factors of shade designation and pair of illuminants compared
(α=.05). The Scheffe multiple comparison test was performed as a post hoc test.
Results
CIE L∗, C∗ab and ho values were influenced by shade designation and type of illuminant in both shade
guides. Color difference caused by change of the illuminant was influenced by the
shade designation and pair of illuminants compared. The order of mean color differences
of 16 Vita Lumin shade tabs by pairs of illuminants compared was as follows: ΔE∗ab (D65/F2) = 1.63 < ΔE∗ab (D65/A) = 2.22 < ΔE∗ab (A/F2) = 2.46 (P<.05). The order of mean color differences of 20 Chromascop shade tabs was as follows:
ΔE∗ab (D65/F2) = 2.45 < ΔE∗ab (D65/A) = 2.71 < ΔE∗ab (A/F2) = 3.14 (P<.05). The distributions of value and chroma in both shade guides were arbitrary.
Conclusion
Color distribution of 2 shade guides varied by the illuminant, and the range of color
difference for shade tabs by the illuminant was 0.80 to 4.82, which may be clinically
unacceptable (ΔE∗ab > 3.7). Color distribution of 2 shade guides by the value and chroma was not logical.
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Journal of Prosthetic DentistryAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Teaching of color in predoctoral and postdoctoral dental education in 1988.J Prosthet Dent. 1992; 67: 713-717
- Current status of shade selection and color matching.Quintessence Int. 1985; 16: 47-58
- Designing visually optimal shade guides.J Prosthet Dent. 2004; 92: 371-376
- Use of shade guides for color measurement in tooth-bleaching studies.J Esthet Restor Dent. 2003; 15: 13-20
- Restorative dental materials.12th edition. Mosby, St. Louis2006 (p. 28-31)
- Conventional visual vs spectrophotometric shade taking for porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns: a clinical comparison.Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2004; 24: 222-231
Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE). Colorimetry - Technical Report. CIE Pub. No.15, 2nd ed. Vienna (Austria): Bureau Central de la CIE, 1986 (corrected reprint 1996). p. 35-6.
- Effects of color measuring mode and light source on the color of shade guides.J Oral Rehabil. 2002; 29: 1099-1107
- Color difference of four esthetic restorative materials by the illuminant.Am J Dent. 2005; 18: 359-363
Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE). Colorimetry - Official recommendations of the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage. CIE Publication No. 15 (E-1.3.1). Vienna (Austria): Bureau Central de la CIE, 1996.
ISO 10526. CIE standard illuminant for colorimetry. Geneva (Switzerland): ISO; 1999.
- ASTM E 308-90. Standard test methods for computing the colors of objects by using CIE system.ASTM, West Conshohocken (PA)1990
- Metameric effect between resin composite and dentin.Dent Mater. 2005; 21: 971-976
- Metamerism in aesthetic prostheses under three standard illuminants—TL84, D65 and F.Prosthet Orthot Int. 1999; 23: 174-180
- Three-dimensional color coordinates of natural teeth compared with three shade guides.J Prosthet Dent. 1990; 64: 425-431
- A comparison of new and conventional methods for quantification of tooth color.J Prosthet Dent. 1990; 63: 155-162
- Tooth color and reflectance as related to light scattering and enamel hardness.J Dent Res. 1995; 74: 374-380
- Influence of window size in small-window color measurement, particularly of teeth.Phys Med Biol. 1994; 39: 1133-1142
- Tooth color measurement using Chroma Meter: techniques, advantages, and disadvantages.J Esthet Restor Dent. 2003; 15: 33-41
- Measurements of spectral reflectance and colorimetric properties of Vita shade guides.J Dent Assoc S Afr. 1991; 46: 63-65
- One-dimensional color order system for dental shade guides.Dent Mater. 1989; 5: 371-374
- Coverage errors of two shade guides.Int J Prosthodont. 1991; 4: 45-50
- Color matching in dentistry. 3. Color control.J Prosthet Dent. 1974; 31: 146-154
- Clinical effect of different shade guide systems on the tooth shades of ceramic-veneered restorations.Int J Prosthodont. 2005; 18: 422-426
- Dental color standards: shade tab arrangement.J Esthet Restor Dent. 2001; 13: 254-263
- A color selection technique.J Prosthet Dent. 1991; 66: 592-596
- Shading of ceramic crowns using digital tooth shade matching devices.Int J Comput Dent. 2005; 8: 129-152
- Acceptability of shade differences in metal ceramic crowns.J Prosthet Dent. 1998; 79: 254-260
- Color stability of dental composite resin materials for crown and bridge veneers.Dent Mater. 1987; 3: 246-251
- Assessment of appearance match by visual observation and clinical colorimetry.J Dent Res. 1989; 68: 819-822
- Effect of individual shades on reliability and validity of observers in color matching.Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent. 2004; 12: 51-56
- Response of the human visual system to variable illuminant conditions: an analysis of opponent-color mechanisms in color constancy.Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2000; 20: 44-58
- Color comparison of two shade guides.Int J Prosthodont. 2002; 15: 73-78
- Intrarater repeatability of shade selections with two shade guides.J Prosthet Dent. 2003; 89: 50-53
- Visual whiteness ranking of a Vitapan 3D Master shade guide by untrained assessors.J Clin Dent. 2006; 17: 10-13
Article info
Publication history
Department of Dental Biomaterials Science and Dental Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
Footnotes
Supported by a grant of the Korea Health 21 R&D Project, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea (03-PJ1-PG1-CH09-0001).
Identification
Copyright
© 2006 The Editorial Council of The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
