Statement of problem
Due to inter- and intraexaminer differences, subjective evaluation of tooth color
is deemed problematic.
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of home bleaching products,
and to compare visual and computer-aided tooth shade determinations when various agents
were applied.
Material and methods
Human incisors (n=288) were stained (red wine, black tea) and allocated to 8 groups
(n=36). Paint-on varnish (VivaStyle Paint On; 6% carbamide peroxide, CP) was used
either for 1 × 20 min/d (VSP1), 2 × 20 min/d (VSP2), or 2 × 5 min/d (VSP25). Paint-on
lacquer (Colgate Simply White, CSW; 5.9% hydrogen peroxide, HP) was applied for 2
× 30 min/d. Moreover, bleaching was performed using trays (VivaStyle, VS; 10% CP;
1 × 60 min/d, and Odol-med3 Beauty Kur, OBK; sodium chlorite; 2 × 10 min/d) or whitening
strips (blend-a-med Whitestrips, BWS; 5.9% HP; 2 × 30 min/d). Water was used as control
(1 × 60 min/d). Tooth shades were determined blindly (Chromascop Complete) after staining
and 24 hours after final bleaching (visual and computer-aided assessment). Change
in shade was analyzed using nonparametric methods (Kruskal-Wallis) and post hoc tests
(Tukey and Kramer) (α=.05).
Results
Color changed significantly to lighter shades for all active agents. Analysis revealed
significant differences among the control and all other groups, and among CSW/BWS
versus VSP25/OBK, and VS versus OBK, for both evaluation methods. Additionally, significant
differences were spectrophotometrically observed for VSP1/VSP2 versus BWS, and VSP2
versus OBK, with comparable reliabilities (0.995 at baseline; 0.994 after bleaching).
Conclusions
Increased bleaching efficacy was observed with high peroxide concentrations; application
time did not alter efficacy. Spectrophotometry was reproducible and objective. The
2 assessment methods matched 45.8% of the time. (J Prosthet Dent 2009;101:92–100)
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Article info
Footnotes
Presented at the 20th Annual Meeting of the German Society of Operative Dentistry (DGZ), Mainz, Germany, May 2006.
Identification
Copyright
© 2009 The Editorial Council of the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
