Abstract
Statement of problem
Conventional approaches to adhesive bonding are not applicable to zirconia restorations.
Recently, an etching solution, Zeta Etching Solution (ZES), has been introduced for
etching the surface of zirconia. The effects of this etching solution on the bond
strength and mechanical properties of zirconia are unknown.
Purpose
The purpose of this in vitro study was to examine the effects of ZES on the bond strength
and surface hardness of zirconia.
Material and methods
Two different types of partially stabilized tetragonal polycrystalline zirconia (TZP),
Prettau zirconia (group P) and anterior Prettau (group AP), were evaluated with and
without ZES etching. Each group was bonded to a zirconia substrate by using an adhesive
resin cement. After 24 hours of storage in distilled water, the bond strength of the
zirconia was analyzed. Vickers hardness was determined by using a microhardness tester.
Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the surface microstructure and determine
the mode of failure for each specimen. Results were analyzed and compared using 1-way
ANOVA and Student t tests (α=.05).
Results
Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that etching the surface of zirconia
with ZES etching solution for 60 minutes changed the morphological characteristics
and microstructure of zirconia, making the surface more irregular. The changes were
more pronounced for AP specimens. Etching with ZES significantly increased the shear
bond strength of zirconia (P<.05) in AP specimens. The bond strength of Prettau (P group) specimens after ZES
etching did not increase significantly (P>.05). An adhesive failure mode was observed for P zirconia specimens, whereas zirconia
specimens exhibited a cohesive mode of failure. No significant decrease (P>.05) was observed in the mean Vickers hardness numbers.
Conclusions
Within the limitations of this in vitro study, it was concluded that etching in ZES
for 30 minutes significantly enhanced the shear bond strength of highly translucent
anterior Prettau (AP) zirconia restorations. Moreover, etching with ZES did not adversely
affect the surface hardness of the zirconia specimens tested.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 24, 2018
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© 2017 by the Editorial Council for The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.
