Abstract
Statement of problem
Interim dental restorations can be fabricated by using additive manufacturing (AM)
technologies. Although dental restoration contours can be easily and accurately fabricated
by using computer-aided design (CAD) procedures, protocols for creating predictable
color dimensions of AM interim restorations are lacking.
Purpose
The purpose of this in vitro study was to measure and compare color dimensions of
different AM and conventional interim restorative materials.
Material and methods
Disks (N=420) were fabricated by using either conventionally (CNV group) or additively
manufactured (AM group) materials. The CNV group was further divided into the subgroups
CNV-1 (Protemp 4; 3M ESPE) and CNV-2 (Anaxdent new outline dentin; Anaxdent). AM subgroups
included AM-1 (FreePrint temp; Detax), AM-2 (E-Dent 400; Envisiontec), AM-3 (NextDent
C&B; NextDent), AM-4 (NextDent C&B MFH; NextDent), and AM-5 (Med620 VEROGlaze; Stratasys).
Color measurements in the CIELab coordinates were made by using a spectrophotometer
(VITA EasyShade Advance 4.0; VITA) with a standardized photography gray card as a
background under room light conditions (1003 lux). Color difference (ΔE*) values were
calculated by using the CIE76 and CIEDE2000 formulas. The data were analyzed by using
the Kruskal-Wallis test with nonparametric pairwise comparisons.
Results
Owing to a software error, the spectrophotometer was unable to measure the color of
any specimens in the AM-5 subgroup, which was consequently excluded from further analysis.
Significant differences (P=.001) between 2 manufacturing groups were found based on the L* variable. All subgroups
were significantly different from each other for all 3 variables (P<.001). Pairwise comparisons revealed that all groups were significantly different
from each other, except for the AM-1 and AM-2 subgroups, compared with the CNV-1 subgroup
for the L* color dimension. The ΔE* values calculated by using the CIE76 formula varied
from 6.63 to 23.1 and by using the CIEDE2000 formula from 3.43 to 10.21, suggesting
a perceptible and unacceptable color mismatch between the CNV and AM groups.
Conclusions
None of the additively manufactured interim materials tested matched the conventional
interim materials in all 3 CIELab color dimensions.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: October 22, 2019
Identification
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© 2019 by the Editorial Council for The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.
