Abstract
Statement of problem
Long-term clinical studies are lacking on the influence of the type of abutment, titanium
or zirconia, on peri-implant tissues.
Purpose
The purpose of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate peri-implant tissues
with titanium or zirconia abutments.
Material and methods
A total of 26 single-tooth implant-supported prostheses in 14 participants were analyzed.
They received either a titanium abutment with a metal-ceramic crown (TAG) or a zirconia
abutment with a ceramic crown (ZAG). Data were collected immediately, at 5 months,
and at a minimum of 7 years after crown delivery. The success rate, plaque and bleeding
indexes, bleeding on probing, white and pink esthetic scores, and the relationships
of the gingival phenotype with the pink esthetic score were analyzed. Statistical
analyses were conducted with the t test for paired and independent data (α=.05).
Results
The mean follow-up time was 95.2 ±2.6 months, showing an implant success rate of 96.7%.
No statistically significant differences were found between TAG and ZAG among the
time intervals evaluated for plaque or bleeding indexes (P>.05). A statistically significant difference was found for peri-implant probing depths
in the mid-buccal sites between the groups at all the time intervals evaluated (TAG,
P=.008; ZAG, P=.021): TAG showed an increase between 5 months (3.65 ±0.93 mm) and over 7 years (4.47
±1.32 mm); and ZAG showed a reduction (5 months=5.22 ±1.71 mm; over 7 years=4.25 ±1.28
mm) in values. For the pink (PES) and white esthetic score (WES), ZAG (PES: immediately=6.33
±1.41; 5 months=7.44 ±1.81; over 7 years=8.25 ±1.03; WES: immediately=7.67 ±1.50;
over 7 years=8.38 ±0.74) showed higher mean values than TAG (PES: immediately=5.94
±2.35; 5 months=6.53 ±2.15; over 7 years=7.44 ±1.81; WES: immediately=7.00 ±1.17;
over 7 years=8.35 ±1.27) (P<.05). Statistically significant differences were found for gingival phenotype and
for PES in TAG (P=.031), and the participants with thick phenotype showed higher PES in the 3 time
intervals studied.
Conclusions
Zirconia abutments exhibited better results than titanium abutments in terms of the
peri-implant tissues. Moreover, in those with a thin phenotype, zirconia provided
improved gingival esthetics.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: July 30, 2021
Publication stage
In Press Corrected ProofFootnotes
This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Identification
Copyright
© 2021 by the Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.
