Abstract
Statement of problem
Research on the quantification of 3-dimensional tooth movements in patients undergoing
treatment using the Dahl principle is lacking.
Purpose
The purpose of this observational clinical study was to measure the magnitude, direction,
duration, and rate of tooth movement occurring in patients to reestablish tooth contact
and create restorative space.
Material and methods
A total of 104 paired preoperative and postoperative physical and virtual casts from
26 patients were obtained. Commencement and completion dates were recorded to calculate
movement duration to reestablish occlusion. Dental casts were digitized, and the 3-dimensional
digital casts obtained were superimposed via a surface matching and analysis software
program by using the global registration function. Color maps were used to visualize
direction, and the annotation feature quantified magnitude of tooth movement in millimeters
when specific reference points were selected. Teeth within the arch were categorized
as per their location to evaluate their impact on occlusal reestablishment. The average
rate of movement was determined by time taken for extrusive and intrusive movements
over the treatment duration. Post hoc Tukey tests were applied if a significant difference
was present in the magnitude of movement between different tooth categories.
Results
All participants showed evidence of tooth movement during treatment. Duration of occlusal
reestablishment ranged from 3.9 to 28.2 months, with more posterior tooth extrusive
movements (56.9%) than anterior tooth intrusive (43.1%) movements occurring. A comparison
of magnitude of extrusive or intrusive movement between categories (molar-anterior,
premolar-anterior, and premolar-molar) showed that premolar and molar extrusive movements
and anterior intrusive movements were significantly different (P<.001). The amount of buccal and lingual movement for molars and premolars was similar.
Anterior teeth demonstrated more buccal than lingual movements. All teeth showed more
mesial than distal movements. The extrusive and intrusive movement rate was 0.13 and
0.11 mm/mo, respectively.
Conclusions
Tooth movement occurred in patients regardless of age and sex. The results of this
study indicated that tooth movements have a 3-dimensional nature. Occlusal reestablishment
mainly occurred via a combination of extrusive and intrusive movements. The study
further highlighted the advantages of digital technology such as surface scanners
and 3-dimensional software programs that can be used to quantify change in patients
undergoing treatment.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 13, 2021
Publication stage
In Press Corrected ProofFootnotes
Support provided in part by The Australian Prosthodontic Society Research Grants 2018, Australian Dental Research Foundation Inc., grant number 327–2018 and Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne Post Graduate Research Grant.
Identification
Copyright
© 2021 by the Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.
