Abstract
Statement of problem
Electron beam melting (EBM) is a promising additive manufacturing technique for fabricating
denture baseplates; however, studies evaluating its accuracy are sparse.
Purpose
The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the fit accuracy of titanium maxillary
complete denture baseplates fabricated by using the EBM technique with those fabricated
by using the conventional casting technique and to evaluate the dimensional accuracy
of the EBM baseplate by using a 3-dimensional inspection software program.
Material and methods
Definitive casts of an edentulous maxilla were prepared. After the casts were optically
scanned, computer-aided designs for the EBM baseplate were created by using a software
program for standard tessellation language file editing. The EBM baseplates were fabricated
with an EBM machine by using a Grade II titanium powder as the raw material. The cast
baseplates were fabricated with a lost-wax casting technique by using refractory casts
duplicated from the definitive casts. After fitting the EBM and cast baseplates to
their corresponding definitive cast, they were embedded in a Type IV stone. The embedded
baseplates on the casts were sectioned at 3 regions: posterior palatal seal, molar,
and premolar. The maximum gaps between the baseplate and definitive cast were measured
in these 3 regions. The virtual casts obtained by scanning the EBM baseplate were
superimposed on the computer-aided design to evaluate the dimensional accuracy. Distribution
color maps were then generated, and the mean absolute deviations and root mean square
deviations were calculated. One-way analysis of variance and t tests were used for statistical analysis (α=.05).
Results
No significant differences in the maximum gaps among the 3 regions were found in the
cast or EBM baseplate groups (P>.05). The EBM baseplate group showed significantly lower values than the cast baseplate
group in all regions (premolar: P=.008; molar: P=.003; posterior palatal seal: P=.004). The mean maximum gap for the 3 regions in the cast baseplates was 168.0 μm
and that in the EBM baseplates was 60.7 μm. The distribution color map of the EBM
baseplate showed a favorable dimensional accuracy. The mean absolute deviation value
was 19.7 μm, and the root mean square deviation value was 25.1 μm.
Conclusions
The EBM baseplates had a significantly higher fit accuracy than the cast baseplates.
Thus, the fit accuracy of the EBM technique is suitable for fabricating metal baseplates.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: September 22, 2021
Identification
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© 2021 by the Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.
