Abstract
Statement of problem
Zirconia abutments have become popular as they provide favorable esthetic outcomes.
However, studies investigating how abutment material affects abutment screw torque
performance and implant conical surface morphological changes in internal conical
connection systems are scarce.
Purpose
The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the influence of abutment material
on abutment removal torque and implant conical surface morphological changes in internal
conical connection implant–abutment assemblies of 2 diameters after simulated long-term
oral use.
Material and methods
Thirty abutments of 3 materials (1-piece titanium, 1-piece zirconia, zirconia with
alloy base) and 2 diameters (regular, narrow) made by the original manufacturer were
connected to internal conical connection implants and subjected to a standardized
artificial aging process consisting of thermal cycling and mechanical cyclic loading
with parameters corresponding to anterior and posterior mastication scenarios simulating
long-term oral use. An abutment removal torque test was done before and after aging.
Morphological changes in the implant conical contact surface were observed with a
scanning electron microscope (SEM). Initial and after-aging torque loss values were
calculated and analyzed separately with 1-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD post hoc tests (α=.05).
Results
All specimens survived artificial aging. For initial and after-aging torque loss,
the 1-piece zirconia groups showed significantly greater values (P<.001) for both diameters. In the SEM observation, the 1-piece zirconia groups showed
distinct widespread surface damage while the other groups exhibited only minor damages.
Conclusions
Regardless of diameter, 1-piece zirconia abutments tend to induce more abutment removal
torque loss and implant conical surface morphological changes than those with metal
connections, both initially and after simulated long-term oral use. Zirconia abutments
with an alloy base performed similarly to 1-piece titanium abutments.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: December 16, 2022
Publication stage
In Press Corrected ProofFootnotes
Funding: Supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (grant number: JP18K17088).
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 by the Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.
