Abstract
Statement of problem
According to the concept of implant-protected occlusion, light occlusion and late
contact could prevent implants from occlusal overload. However, clinical data demonstrating
how light occlusion differs from normal occlusion are lacking.
Purpose
The purpose of this prospective clinical study was to characterize the occlusal variation
of single posterior implant-supported crowns with or without light occlusion.
Material and methods
Participants with a single missing posterior maxillary or mandibular molar who were
to receive implant-supported zirconia ceramic crowns were enrolled. The participants
were divided into a light occlusion group, in which a 12-μm articulating film could
be removed from the implant-supported crown and opposing natural teeth under the intercuspal
position, and a normal occlusion group, in which the articulating film could not be
removed. All participants underwent occlusal examinations using the T-scan III system,
answered a satisfaction questionnaire using a visual analog scale (VAS), and received
regular follow-ups. The participants were evaluated at 0.5, 3, 6, and 12 months after
implant-supported crown delivery. The relative occlusal force of the implant-supported
crowns, mesial teeth, control teeth (corresponding natural tooth on the dentition
contralateral to each implant), and the occlusal contact time of implant-supported
crowns were recorded. Moreover, the asymmetry index of the occlusal force and the
VAS score were calculated. Two independent-sample tests were used to compare the 2
groups. The Wilcoxon rank sum and Mann‒Whitney tests were used to compare nonnormally
distributed data (α=.001).
Results
Fifty study participants with a mean ±standard deviation age of 36.97 ±7.34 years
(23 men and 27 women aged 20 to 50 years) were followed for 0.5 to 12 months. No obvious
complications of overloading were observed in either group. The mean ±standard deviation
of the relative occlusal force of implant-supported crowns in the light occlusion
group (from 4.91 ±3.52% to 10.34 ±4.35%) was always lower than that in the normal
occlusion group (from 10.45 ±4.32% to 18.15 ±4.80%), while the mean ±standard deviation
of the occlusal contact time in the light occlusion group (from 0.38 ±0.26 seconds
to 0.10 ±0.07 seconds) was significantly later than that in the normal occlusion group
(from 0.12 ±0.08 seconds to 0.04 ±0.02 seconds) (P<.001). The value of the asymmetry index of occlusal force remained within the normal
range (10%). The VAS score in the normal occlusion group was significantly higher
than that in the light occlusion group (P<.001).
Conclusions
Providing light occlusion to reduce occlusal force and delay the contact time was
not stable over time. The relative occlusal force and occlusal contact time showed
a similar development trend in both groups, and no obvious signs of occlusal overloading
were observed in this study. Long-term follow-up is necessary for implant-supported
prostheses because of the continuous increase in occlusal force.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 05, 2023
Publication stage
In Press Corrected ProofFootnotes
Funding: Supported by Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Incubating Program (grant number: PX2019058); and Beijing Stomatological Hospital discipline construction found (grant number: 19-09-14).
Identification
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© 2022 by the Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.
