Abstract
Statement of problem
Stresses applied to zygomatic implants have been determined to be transferred mainly
to the zygomatic bone; however, consensus regarding the stress distribution pattern
in the bone surrounding zygomatic implants has not yet been reached.
Purpose
The purpose of this 3-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA) study was to
visually compare the stress distribution pattern in 2 different zygomatic implant
treatment modalities and evaluate the effect of masseter musculature involvement.
Material and methods
A 3D FEA craniofacial model was constructed from the computed tomography (CT) data
of a selected patient with a severely atrophic edentulous maxilla. Modeled zygomatic
and conventional implants were inserted into the craniofacial model supporting a prosthesis
superstructure. Two types of treatment were considered in the study: 2 zygomatic implants
placed bilaterally or 2 zygomatic implants placed in conjunction with at least 2 conventional
implants at the anterior maxilla. The models were loaded with a vertical force of
150 N, a lateral force of 50 N, and a distributed occlusal force of 300 N applied
to the insertion area of the masseter muscle. The stresses on and deformations of
the bones and implants were then observed and compared with and without the involvement
of the musculature component.
Results
The stresses were distributed efficiently along the vertical and horizontal facial
buttresses, as in the dentate skull; however, a difference in distribution pattern
was observed when the models were loaded without applying the muscle component. The
maximum deformation of bones surrounding the implants occurred in the abutment connection
of the conventional anterior implant in the model with an additional conventional
anterior implant.
Conclusions
The FEA revealed the stresses were distributed efficiently along the vertical and
horizontal facial buttresses, as in the dentate skull. However, the stresses in both
models were concentrated in the zygomatic bone when incorporating the muscle component.
Therefore, incorporating muscular force into FEA studies could affect the analysis
result.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 10, 2023
Publication stage
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© 2023 by the Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.
