Abstract
Statement of problem
Zirconia has been widely used as a dental prosthetic material. However, bonding to
zirconia is challenging, and whether a Zr/Si coating would improve bonding is unclear.
Purpose
The purpose of this in vitro study was to prepare a Zr/Si coating on zirconia ceramics
using a sol-gel method and to determine whether the bonding to resin is improved.
Material and methods
Presintered zirconia specimens were prepared and divided into 5 groups: 4 experimental
groups with ratios of the binary sol-gel precursor (zirconium oxychloride/tetraethoxysilane)
set as 2:1 (Z2), 1:1 (Z1), 0.5:1 (Z0.5), and 0.25:1 (Z0.25) and Group C as the control
group. In addition to surface roughness measurements, scanning electron microscopy
(SEM), energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were carried
out to characterize the surface. Each group was divided into 2 subgroups according
to whether a silane coupling agent was applied. Half of the bond specimens were stored
in deionized water for 24 hours; the remaining half were aged using 5000 thermocycles.
The shear bond strength (SBS) of resin bonded to specimens was tested for the initial
and durable bond strength, and the bonding interface was also observed by SEM after
debonding. Data were subjected to 1-way ANOVA and the post hoc Tukey honestly significant
difference test (α=.05).
Results
The Zr/Si coating formed on zirconia ceramics. Z0.5 had the greatest mean ±standard
deviation roughness (2.13 ±0.15 μm) and had the highest silicon content (21.7 ±0.21%).
t-ZrO2, m-ZrO2, c-SiO2, and ZrSiO4 were detected by XRD in Z1. The SBS values were decreased by aging but were significantly
increased by Zr/Si coating, especially for Z0.5, with the application of silane (initial:
22.92 ±2.79 MPa; aged: 9.91 ±0.92 MPa).
Conclusions
The Zr/Si coating significantly improved the initial and aged bond strength, and the
optimal Zr/Si ratio of the sol-gel appeared to be 0.5:1.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 05, 2023
Footnotes
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grants 81671027; 81371175].
Identification
Copyright
© 2023 by the Editorial Council for The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.
