Abstract
Statement of problem
Studies comparing the physicomechanical characteristics of denture base resins manufactured
by computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) milling and 3-dimensional
(3D) printing are sparse, resulting in challenges when choosing a fabrication method
for complete dentures.
Purpose
The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the impact strength,
flexural strength, and the surface roughness of denture base resins manufactured by
CAD-CAM milling and 3D printing before and after thermocycling and polishing.
Material and methods
Evaluation of the physicomechanical properties (n=35) was completed before and after
500 thermocycles. Impact strength (n=14) was measured with a Charpy impact tester
and flexural strength (n=14) with the 3-point bend test. Surface roughness (Ra) was
evaluated (n=7) with a profilometer before and after thermocycling and polishing and
by viewing the surface topography before and after polishing using a scanning electron
microscope at ×2000. The Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon sign rank test were used
for statistical analysis (α=.05).
Results
Milled specimens showed statistically significantly higher impact strength before
thermocycling and statistically significantly higher flexural strength before and
after thermocycling (P=.004) compared with 3D-printed specimens. The Ra values for the milled group were
significantly lower than for the 3D-printed group both before and after thermocycling
(P=.006) and after polishing (P=.027). Thermocycling resulted in a statistically significant difference in flexural
strength (P=.018) in both groups and in surface roughness in the milled group (P=.048); but no significant effect was found on impact strength (P>.05). Ra values for the 3D-printed group decreased after polishing (P=.048).
Conclusions
Milled specimens had higher flexural and impact strength and lower surface roughness
values than 3D-printed specimens. Polishing significantly reduced the surface roughness
in 3D-printed specimens but had no significant effect on milled specimens.
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