Abstract
Statement of problem
Placing removable partial denture (RPD) rests on composite resin restorations has
long been a debatable issue. Despite developments in composite resins such as nanotechnology
and bulk-filling techniques, studies investigating the performance of composite resin
restorations when used to support occlusal rests remain scarce.
Purpose
The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the performance of bulk-fill
versus incremental (conventional) nanocomposite resin restorations when they are used
to support RPD rests under functional loading.
Material and methods
Thirty-five caries-free intact maxillary molars of similar coronal size were collected
and divided into 5 equal groups (n=7): Enamel (Control) group: rest seats prepared
entirely in enamel; Class I Incremental group: Class I cavities restored with incrementally
placed nanohybrid resin composite resin (Tetric N-Ceram); Class II Incremental group:
Mesio-occlusal (MO) Class II cavities restored with Tetric N-Ceram; Class I Bulk-fill
group: Class I cavities restored with high-viscosity bulk-fill hybrid resin composite
(Tetric N-Ceram Bulk-Fill); and Class II Bulk-fill group: MO Class II cavities restored
with Tetric N-Ceram Bulk-Fill. Occlusal rest seats were prepared mesially in all groups,
and clasp assemblies were fabricated and cast in cobalt chromium alloy. Specimens
with their clasp assemblies were subjected to thermomechanical cycling using a mechanical
cycling machine (250000 masticatory cycles) and 5000 thermal cycles (5 °C to 50 °C). Surface roughness
(Ra) was measured with a contact profilometer before and after cycling. Fracture analysis
was done using stereomicroscopy, and margin analysis was done with a scanning electron
microscope (SEM) before and after cycling. Statistical analysis of Ra was conducted
using ANOVA followed by the Scheffé test for between-group comparison and paired t test for within-group comparison. The Fisher exact probability test was used for
fracture analysis. The Mann–Whitney test was used for between-group comparison and
Wilcoxon signed rank test for within-group comparison for the SEM images (α=.05).
Results
Mean Ra increased significantly after cycling in all groups. Significant differences
in Ra were found between enamel and all 4 resin groups (P<.001), with no significant differences between incremental and bulk-fill resin groups
for both Class I and II specimens (P>.05). No significant differences were found between the 2 resin groups with regard
to fracture and margin analysis (P>.05).
Conclusions
The surface roughness of enamel was significantly lower than that of both incremental
and bulk-fill nanocomposite resins before and after functional loading. Incremental
and bulk-fill nanocomposite resins showed comparable performance in terms of surface
roughness, fracture behavior, and marginal adaptation.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 24, 2023
Footnotes
Funding: This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Identification
Copyright
© 2023 by the Editorial Council for The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.
