Abstract
Statement of problem
Whether polyvinyl siloxane impressions are capable of reproducing 5-μm changes on
natural freeform enamel and potentially enabling clinical measurements of early surface
changes consistent with wear of teeth or materials is unclear.
Purpose
The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate and compare polyvinyl siloxane
replicas with direct measurements of sub-5-μm lesions on unpolished human enamel lesions
by using profilometry, superimposition, and a surface subtraction software program.
Material and methods
Twenty ethically approved unpolished human enamel specimens were randomized to a previously
reported cyclic erosion (n=10) and erosion and abrasion (n=10) model to create discrete
sub-5-μm lesions on the surface. Low viscosity polyvinyl siloxane impressions were
made of each specimen before and after each cycle and scanned by using noncontacting
laser profilometry and viewed with a digital microscopy and compared with direct scanning
of the enamel surface. The digital maps were then interrogated with surface- registration
and subtraction workflows to extrapolate enamel loss from the unpolished surfaces
by using step-height and digital surface microscopy to measure roughness.
Results
Direct measurement revealed chemical loss of enamel at 3.4 ±0.43 μm, and the polyvinyl
siloxane replicas were 3.20 ±0.42 μm, respectively. For chemical and mechanical loss
direct measurement was 6.12 ±1.05 μm and 5.79 ±1.06 μm for the polyvinyl siloxane
replica (P=.211). The overall accuracy between direct and polyvinyl siloxane replica measurements
was 0.13 +0.57 and −0.31 μm for erosion and 0.12 +0.99 and −0.75 μm for erosion and
abrasion. Surface roughness and visualization with digital microscopy provided confirmatory
data.
Conclusions
Polyvinyl siloxane replica impressions from unpolished human enamel were accurate
and precise at the sub-5-μm level.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: May 25, 2023
Publication stage
In Press Corrected ProofFootnotes
Funding: Supported in part by BBSRC iCase award [grant BB/M009513/1] and by Unilever Oral Care [grant MA-2019-0247N] who also provided fluoride-free toothpaste.
Conflicts of Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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© 2023 by the Editorial Council for The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.
