Research: Metals
Evaluation of ceramic adherence to cobalt-chromium alloys fabricated by different manufacturing techniques
Selective laser melting has been increasingly used in the fabrication of metal-ceramic prostheses. The longevity of the prostheses depends on the strength of the metal-ceramic bond, which may differ with the framework manufacturing technique.Corrosion, ion release, and surface hardness of Ti-6Al-4V and cobalt-chromium alloys produced by CAD-CAM milling and laser sintering
How the corrosion properties of cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) and Ti (Ti-6Al-4V) alloys, frequently used in dental prostheses, are affected by different production methods is unclear.Physicomechanical properties of cobalt-chromium removable partial denture palatal major connectors fabricated by selective laser melting
Additive manufacturing by selective laser melting (SLM) has been claimed to be less challenging than conventional casting of cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) removable partial dentures (RPDs), providing significant improvements. However, how the physicomechanical properties of Co-Cr RPDs fabricated by SLM compare with those fabricated by conventional casting is unclear.Analysis of microstructure and fatigue of cast versus selective laser-melted dental Co-Cr alloy
The forces exerted on teeth and prostheses during mastication are repeated and dynamic, resulting in fatigue damage to dental prostheses. Most fractures of dental restorations are fatigue failure. The 4-point bend fatigue behavior of Co-Cr-Mo-W alloys manufactured by investment casting (CAST) and selective laser melting (SLM) has received little attention.Evaluation of the flexural strength of metal frameworks fabricated by sintering-based computer-aided manufacturing methods
Sintering-based computer-aided metal manufacturing strategies have been proposed as an alternative to hard metal milling. While these fabrication methods have been evaluated in terms of marginal and internal discrepancies and bond strength to porcelain, limited information on metal frameworks is available regarding their flexural yield strength.Comparative analysis of the surface properties and corrosion resistance of Co-Cr dental alloys fabricated by different methods
The complex oral environment leads to the corrosion of dental alloy materials and the release of metal ions that may have a negative impact on health. Digital manufacturing is increasingly being used in dentistry, but whether digitally manufactured prostheses have better resistance to corrosion than traditional cast prostheses is unclear.Effect of multiple firings on the shear bond strength of presintered cobalt-chromium alloy and veneering ceramic
How multiple firing cycles may affect the oxide layer and, consequently, the shear bond strength of metal-ceramic restorations is unclear.Effect of oxidation heat treatment with airborne-particle abrasion on the shear bond strength of ceramic to base metal alloys
Oxidation heat treatment has been studied to increase the metal-ceramic bond strength. However, information about its use with cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloys is lacking.Accuracy of a titanium maxillary complete denture baseplate fabricated by using the electron beam melting technique: An in vitro study
Electron beam melting (EBM) is a promising additive manufacturing technique for fabricating denture baseplates; however, studies evaluating its accuracy are sparse.Effect of ceramic layering on the fit of cobalt-chromium alloy 3-unit fixed dental prostheses fabricated by additive, soft milling, and casting technologies
The change in fit after ceramic layering of additively manufactured cobalt-chromium alloy frameworks has not been evaluated extensively.ICP-MS measurements of elemental release from two palladium alloys into a corrosion testing medium for different solution volumes and agitation conditions
The in vivo release of Pd from palladium alloys into the oral environment and sensitivity reactions by patients has been of concern. However, little information is available about the variation in elemental release from different palladium alloys.Effect of a vinegar-hydrogen peroxide mixture on the surface properties of a cobalt-chromium alloy: A possible disinfectant for removable partial dentures
A vinegar-hydrogen peroxide mixture has been reported to be effective in eliminating Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus from acrylic resin, and its action has been reported to be comparable with that of sodium hypochlorite or peracetic acid. However, the effects of this mixture on cobalt-chromium alloys remain unknown.Comparison of microstructures and mechanical properties of 3 cobalt-chromium alloys fabricated with soft metal milling technology
Although several manufacturers market soft metal milling blanks and systems, comprehensive comparative studies of differences in properties across commercially available soft metal milling alloys are lacking.Effect of 1.5-T and 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging on the ceramic adhesion and physical properties of prosthetic substructures
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a cross-sectional imaging technique that is widely used in the detection of pathologies in the head and neck region. However, information is lacking about the effect of MRI imaging on the clinical success of fixed partial dentures (FPDs).Evaluation of bond strength of porous cobalt-chromium metal and pressed ceramic fabricated by additive manufacturing
A high metal-ceramic bond strength is important for successful dental restorations. However, studies on the evaluation of the bond strength of porous metal–ceramic restorations compared with conventional ones are scarce.Chemical composition, surface roughness, and ceramic bond strength of additively manufactured cobalt-chromium dental alloys
Selective laser melting (SLM) additive manufacturing (AM) technology is a current option to fabricate cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) metal frameworks for dental prostheses. However, the Co-Cr alloy composition, surface roughness, and ceramic bond strength values that SLM metals can obtain are not well-defined.Surface analysis and corrosion behavior of pure titanium under fluoride exposure
The corrosive effects of oral fluoride products on titanium have been reported, and chronic fluorosis, which causes hyperfluoemia, is one of the world's health problems. Nevertheless, the relationship between high serum fluoride and corrosion on the titanium surface, which might have adverse effects on titanium implant osseointegration, has not been elucidated.Digital evaluation of laser scanning speed effects on the intaglio surface adaptation of laser-sintered metal frameworks
Laser sintering has several processing parameters, typically under the control of dental laboratory technicians. Laser scan speed is an important parameter, which has a significant effect on manufacturing time but may also affect the adaptation of restorations. However, limited information is available regarding its impact.In vitro study of surface alterations to polyetheretherketone and titanium and their effect upon human gingival fibroblasts
Soft-tissue attachment to different surfaces may play a pivotal role in the long-term success of dental implants. However, studies on the issue, especially on newer materials, are sparse.Effect of thermocycling on the surface texture and release of titanium particles from titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) plates and dental implants: An in vitro study
The release of titanium (Ti) particles from the surface of endosseous dental implants is not well understood.Biological and physicochemical implications of the aging process on titanium and zirconia implant material surfaces
Changes in physicochemical properties because of implant material aging and natural deterioration in the oral environment can facilitate microbial colonization and disturb the soft-tissue seal between the implant surfaces.A comparative study of the wear of dental alloys against monolithic zirconia
Materials used for dental restorations should cause wear similar to that of natural teeth. Studies on the wear of dental alloys against monolithic zirconia are lacking.The effect of build orientation on the microstructure and properties of selective laser melting Ti-6Al-4V for removable partial denture clasps
Selective laser melting (SLM) Ti-6Al-4V has been used for removable partial dentures, but the impact of SLM Ti-6Al-4V build orientation is not evident.The effect of layer thickness on the porcelain bond strength of laser-sintered metal frameworks
Laser sintering has become a common manufacturing technique in the fabrication of metal-ceramic restorations. The layer thickness of the sintering process may affect the surface morphology and hence the porcelain bond strength. However, limited information is available on the effect of layer thickness on porcelain bond strength.Effects of the rare earth element lanthanum on the metal-ceramic bond strength of dental casting Co-Cr alloys
The metal-ceramic bond strength of dental casting Co-Cr alloys may be improved by the addition of the rare earth element lanthanum (La), but studies are lacking.Effect of layered manufacturing techniques, alloy powders, and layer thickness on mechanical properties of Co-Cr dental alloys
The popularity of direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) and melting (DMLM) has increased in dental practice. The layered manufacturing device, the alloy powder, and the layer thickness may affect the mechanical properties of layer-fabricated metals.Comparative analysis of the microstructures and mechanical properties of Co-Cr dental alloys fabricated by different methods
Limited information is available regarding the microstructures and mechanical properties of Co-Cr dental alloys prepared using conventional casting (CAST), computer numerical control (CNC) milling, and selective laser melting (SLM).Effect of chemical surface treatment of titanium on its bond with dental ceramics
Airborne-particle abrasion of titanium is a clinically accepted method of surface preparation. As a side effect of airborne-particle abrasion, particles of the abrasive material get embedded into the surface. How particle presence or removal from the titanium surface affects the strength of the titanium-ceramic bond is unclear.Electrochemical behavior of titanium exposed to a biofilm supplemented with different sucrose concentrations
Biofilms can reduce the corrosion resistance of titanium because of the bacterial metabolism of fermentable carbohydrates, including sucrose. However, studies evaluating whether biofilms exposed to higher sucrose concentrations can affect the electrochemical behavior of titanium are lacking.Potentiodynamic polarization study of the corrosion behavior of palladium-silver dental alloys
Although palladium-silver alloys have been marketed for over 3 decades for metal-ceramic restorations, understanding of the corrosion behavior of current alloys is incomplete; this understanding is critical for evaluating biocompatibility and clinical performance.Effect of annealing procedure on the bonding of ceramic to cobalt-chromium alloys fabricated by rapid prototyping
An annealing procedure is a heat treatment process to improve the mechanical properties of cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloys. However, information is lacking about the effect of the annealing process on the bonding ability of ceramic to Co-Cr alloys fabricated by rapid prototyping.Effect of layered manufacturing techniques, alloy powders, and layer thickness on metal-ceramic bond strength
Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) and direct metal laser melting (DMLM) have become popular for fabricating the metal frameworks of metal-ceramic restorations. How the type of layered manufacturing device, layer thickness, and alloy powder may affect the bond strength of ceramic to metal substructure is unclear.Effect of repeated ceramic firings on the marginal and internal adaptation of metal-ceramic restorations fabricated with different CAD-CAM technologies
The use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) for metal-ceramic restorations has increased with advances in the technology. However, little is known about the marginal and internal adaptation of restorations fabricated using laser sintering (LS) and soft milling (SM). Moreover, the effects of repeated ceramic firings on the marginal and internal adaptation of metal-ceramic restorations fabricated with LS and SM is also unknown.Comparison of porcelain bond strength of different metal frameworks prepared by using conventional and recently introduced fabrication methods
Most studies evaluating dental laser sintering systems have focused on the marginal accuracy of the restorations. However, the bond strength at the metal-ceramic interface is another important factor that affects the survival of restorations, and currently, few studies focus on this aspect.Effect of production method on surface roughness, marginal and internal fit, and retention of cobalt-chromium single crowns
New production methods have been developed for metal-ceramic restorations. Different production methods may show different surface roughness and fit, which may affect retention and long-term success.Effect of casting atmosphere on the marginal deficiency and misfit of Ni-Cr alloys with and without beryllium
The marginal adaptation of prosthetic crowns is still a significant clinical problem.Bond strengths of porcelain to cobalt-chromium alloys made by casting, milling, and selective laser melting
Cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloys have been widely used for metal-ceramic fixed prostheses and can be fabricated using conventionally cast or new computer-aided technology. However, the effect of different manufacturing methods on the metal-ceramic bond strength needs further evaluation.Comparison of margin discrepancy of complete gold crowns fabricated using printed, milled, and conventional hand-waxed patterns
The recent application of printing for the fabrication of dental restorations has not been compared and evaluated for margin discrepancy (margin fit) with restorations fabricated using milling and conventional hand-waxing techniques.Immunostimulatory capacity of dental casting alloys on endotoxin responsiveness
Oral metal exposure has been associated with systemic and local adverse reactions, probably due to elemental release from the alloys. Although supraphysiological concentrations of salts from dentally applied metals can activate innate cells through TLR4 (Ni, Co, Pd) and TLR3 (Au), whether direct exposure to solid alloys can also trigger innate immune reactivity is still unknown.Marginal and internal fit of metal copings fabricated with rapid prototyping and conventional waxing
Given the limitations of conventional waxing, computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technologies have been developed as alternative methods of making patterns.Evaluation of metal-ceramic bond characteristics of three dental Co-Cr alloys prepared with different fabrication techniques
Limited information is available regarding the metal-ceramic bond strength of dental Co-Cr alloys fabricated by casting (CAST), computer numerical control (CNC) milling, and selective laser melting (SLM).Evaluation of the fit of metal ceramic restorations fabricated with a pre-sintered soft alloy
Fit is an important factor influencing the success or failure of restorations. Recently, there has been increasing use of a newly developed pre-sintered soft alloy for use in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) of cobalt-chromium alloys for the fabrication of metal ceramic restorations. However, almost no studies are available on the fit of restorations fabricated in this way.Effects of lipopolysaccharides on the corrosion behavior of Ni-Cr and Co-Cr alloys
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are constituents of gingival crevicular fluid and may affect the base metal alloys used in metal ceramic crowns. The role of LPS in base metal alloys is currently unknown.Surface properties of Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta: Effects of long-term immersion in artificial saliva and fluoride solution
The mechanical properties of new titanium alloys with an elastic modulus closest to cortical bone have been studied. However, potentially damaging conditions experienced in the oral cavity, such as fluoride ions, can initiate a localized or crevice process of corrosive degradation in the alloy surfaces.Electrochemical impedance investigation of Ni-free Co-Cr-Mo and Co-Cr-Mo-Ni dental casting alloy for partial removable dental prosthesis frameworks
The pH level of the oral environment influences corrosion in dental materials. Corrosion behaviors of Co-Cr-Mo and Co-Cr-Mo-Ni alloys in different pH environments remain undetermined.Influence of stress corrosion on the mechanical properties of laser-welded titanium
Whether laser-welded (LW) titanium can resist the stress corrosion produced by the combination of fluoride ions and stress in the oral environment is unknown.Investigation of the effect of titanium alloy surface coating with different techniques on titanium-porcelain bonding
The bond strength of dental porcelain to titanium is inadequate as a clinical alternative to conventional alloys for metal ceramic restorations.Effects of multiple firings on metal-ceramic bond strength of Co-Cr alloy fabricated by selective laser melting
Selective laser melting (SLM) is a new technique for fabricating dental restorations, but the metal–ceramic bond strength of the restorations after multiple firings must be considered because adequate bond strength is a clinical requirement for long-term performance.Effect of heating palladium-silver alloys on ceramic bond strength
The effects of different heat treatments on the internal oxidation and metal–ceramic bond in Pd-Ag alloys with different trace elements require further documentation.Corrosion resistance assessment of Co-Cr alloy frameworks fabricated by CAD/CAM milling, laser sintering, and casting methods
The effects of fabrication methods on the corrosion resistance of frameworks produced with Co-Cr alloys are not clear.
